The technologies of Venera-9 are once again being used to prepare future interplanetary missions, including the Russian expedition Venera-D, which is scheduled to launch in the 2030s. On October 22, 1975, the Soviet station transmitted the first photographs of the surface of Venus to Earth, revealing a view of the neighboring planet to humanity and testing the possibility of operating spacecraft in extreme conditions with a temperature of 465 °C and a pressure 92 times higher than Earth's.
Oleg Sedykh, Chief Designer of Venus exploration projects at NPO Lavochkina, said that many of the technical solutions used on Venera-9 and Venera-10 are still relevant today. The spacecraft were equipped with spheres to protect against overloads, braking shields, and periscopes with quartz illuminators, which allowed the cameras to transmit panoramic images of the planet's surface. Orbital modules were also used for the first time as repeaters to accelerate data transmission to Earth.
The data obtained in 1975 on the composition of the atmosphere, pressure, temperature, and cloud cover of Venus became the basis for designing new spacecraft and instruments. The data helped to refine the design of modern video equipment and scientific modules being created, which will allow the future mission to study the evolution of the Venusian atmosphere and possible analogies with Earth.
An important outcome of the Venera-9 and Venera-10 missions is that the ability to transmit a "picture" was demonstrated even in the most extreme conditions
These achievements show that half a century of experience is still critically important for modern and future interplanetary research.
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