Scientists at Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU) have created a revolutionary "smart skin" coating capable of automatically detecting and removing ice formation on the fuselage.
The temperature range from 0 to minus 10 degrees is considered the most dangerous. It is under these conditions that "glassy" ice forms on aircraft — transparent, strong, and practically invisible. The technology is based on an active vibrating component (piezoelectric), that is, a layer with a special electrode arrangement structure that creates powerful vibrations to shed the ice cover.
Supplying heated air from engines or electric heaters does not guarantee stable operation and requires many resources. Modern systems use piezoelectric elements that vibrate when current is applied, breaking ice from 1 to 4 mm thick. However, many of them use simple electrodes, which are not very efficient.
The new technology replaces the traditional electrode arrangement with two interacting subsystems, which are "combs" with pin electrodes. This ensures uniform distribution of the electric field and effective ice breaking.
At the same time, a feature of the design is the built-in self-diagnostics: in cleaning mode, the current reaches a maximum, and after the ice is shed, it drops to a minimum. This intelligence is the key advantage of this technology — the system is able to independently determine the moment of ice formation, activate the cleaning process, and turn off after it is completed. This happens without additional sensors and saves a significant amount of energy.
The complete cleaning cycle — from ice detection to its removal — takes from a few seconds to a minute, depending on the area and thickness of the icing. The combined mechanical and thermal effect increases the system's efficiency by 30% compared to traditional methods, and energy consumption is reduced by 70-90%.
A patent has already been issued for the invention.
Earlier, www1.ru reported that Rostec developed flexible cells for the fuselage fairing or wing leading edge of an aircraft.
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