Specialists from Novosibirsk State Technical University (NSTU NETI) have developed a method for automated monitoring of the condition of railway tracks. The technology is based on comparing lidar scanning of tracks with a digital reference-"passport" created for sections of any type: straight, turning, and transitional.
The development identifies the slightest deformations of rails caused by wear, temperature changes, or loads, replacing laborious manual inspection. The system accurately localizes problem areas, optimizing the work of repair crews.
The key innovation is a fully automated analysis of lidar data, which is a novelty even at the global level. To calculate the curvature of the path, a combination of mathematical methods is used (difference analogs of derivatives, estimation of bending arrows), which are resistant to measurement errors. Artificial intelligence is deliberately not used at this stage — the emphasis is on reliable mathematical algorithms.
The system improves transportation safety by detecting defects early, reduces the risk of accidents, and optimizes infrastructure maintenance costs. Targeted repairs instead of continuous monitoring are especially relevant for extended Russian highways.
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