Ruslan Yunusov, advisor to the Director General of the Rosatom State Corporation and co-founder of the Russian Quantum Center, spoke about the development plans for quantum computers in Russia in an interview with RIA Novosti.
If we talk about the new roadmap, with a horizon up to 2030, then, on the one hand, we will, of course, continue to increase the number of qubits. This is necessary to reach a level of computation that will allow us to overtake a classical supercomputer on useful tasks.
And by 2030, we want to show the solution of several tasks useful for the economy. So that the quantum computer defeats the supercomputer. But it must be understood that it is not enough to simply increase the number of qubits, it is necessary to radically improve their quality. And this work will be carried out in parallel. And if we talk about further scaling, the transition to thousands or more qubits, then we cannot do without clustering – without creating quantum interconnects, combining individual clusters into a common quantum system. And this is also one of the priorities of the new roadmap.
If we talk about the immediate plans, then, probably, for 2025 we will have a goal to reach 75 qubits. But I emphasize again: it is much more important to increase the accuracy of quantum computers in order to solve useful tasks.
Yunusov also noted that for solving industrial problems, not only the number and quality of qubits are important, but also the maximum optimization of work algorithms.
If we talk about the "hardware", then it is about several hundred qubits: it is 300, 500 or 1000 qubits. It will depend on the task. And the error rate should definitely be less than 1%, and, ideally, the accuracy of the operation should be 99.7-99.9%. This is the level at which you can actively deal with errors and show good results.
Earlier in 2024, Russian scientists created a 50-qubit quantum computer with qudit technology. This technology has previously been used worldwide only in Austria and the USA. At the moment, the Russian 50-qubit quantum computer is the most powerful in the country and is among the top six world leaders with similar systems.
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