Researchers from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT) have presented an innovative algorithm capable of accelerating the patch antenna design process by hundreds of times. The technology makes it possible to reduce development times from several weeks to several hours, which can significantly reduce the cost of manufacturing antennas for Wi-Fi devices, satellites, and drones. The research results were presented at the 67th MIPT conference.
The new MIPT algorithm uses binary coding and surrogate optimization, which allows it not only to iterate through options, but also to "invent" the optimal antenna shape. Instead of direct calculations, the method works with a simplified model that quickly finds promising solutions and tests them in the main system.
Instead of immediately selecting a complex configuration, our algorithm first represents a solid metal plate (1), and then sequentially cuts out rectangular areas (о) in it, and during this process analyzes how each change affects the characteristics of the entire antenna. This approach dramatically reduces the computational load, since only a small number of parameters are optimized at each step, and not the entire structure at once.
Testing in FEKO and pSeven programs confirmed the effectiveness of the method: a simple 10 GHz patch antenna was designed in 109 iterations, a dual-band antenna in 586, and an omnidirectional 1.9 GHz antenna in just 99 iterations. Traditional design methods require several thousand iterations, which increases the duration of the development process.
The new approach is widely adapted for the production of antennas for various purposes: from simple household Wi-Fi routers to complex systems for unmanned aerial vehicles and satellite communications.
Patch antennas are compact and lightweight structures widely used in mobile phones, tablets, satellite communications, and drones. They consist of a metal plate on a dielectric substrate, and their efficiency depends on the precise adjustment of geometric parameters.
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