A group of scientists led by Maria Poptsova from HSE University, using the DeepZ neural network, discovered that Z-flipons — special sections of "mirror DNA" twisted to the left — play an important role in regulating gene activity. These sections help speed up the process of "reading" neighboring genes, after which cells adapt faster to changes. This is important for genes associated with the development of the nervous system and other vital processes in the body.
Using the neural network, the researchers determined the location of Z-flipons in the genomes of humans and mice. Scientists have found that many Z-flipons are located near the same genes, performing similar functions. Experts concluded that these sections help cells quickly switch genes depending on conditions, which is critical for the body during its development and growth.
"Mirror DNA" is a form of DNA in which nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA) are arranged in the reverse order compared to normal DNA. If we imagine that normal DNA is text written from left to right, then mirror DNA will look as if this text is read from right to left.
"Mirror DNA" plays a special role in various biological processes. For example, it can participate in gene regulation or in protecting the body from viruses. Its study helps scientists better understand how genetic information works and how it can affect the health and development of organisms.
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