New materials are being developed and tested in Novosibirsk for Russian lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, which will increase their resistance to temperature changes and low temperatures. According to the official publication of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) "Science in Siberia," they are being tested at temperatures down to -20 degrees Celsius, and tests will also be conducted at lower temperatures.
According to Anna Vorfolomeeva, a researcher at the A. V. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, molybdenum disulfide showed the greatest potential. When used in lithium-ion batteries, its values were 1,000 milliampere-hours, and in sodium-ion batteries, the figure reached 400.
It is noted that during the tests, specialists varied the compositions of electrolytes, which made it possible to maintain the capacity at a high level in both lithium and sodium-ion batteries. From 25 to -20 degrees Celsius, the capacity remained at 80% in lithium-ion batteries and at 60% in sodium-ion batteries.
Scientists are also considering options for creating a metal with a carbon component with the conductivity and stability of an electrode material. They are also studying the possibility of creating defects: vacancies (the absence of an atom in a crystal lattice site), or the introduction of atoms other than molybdenum and sulfur, which will increase electronic conductivity and capacity.
Earlier, at the Siberian Federal University, they developed the world's first Arctic hydrogen engine, which can operate at temperatures below -65 °C. Its foreign counterparts, meanwhile, operate at temperatures up to -36 °C.
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