Scientists at Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) have made a breakthrough in the field of nanotechnology — developed unique magnetic nanoparticles capable of controlling cell activity using a magnetic field. This discovery could form the basis for creating new treatments in oncology and regenerative medicine.
The researchers created functionalized magnetoelectric nanoparticles (capable of responding to a magnetic field) with a "core-shell" structure based on biocompatible materials (that do not cause rejection by the body). Their size is ten times smaller than existing analogues, and most importantly, they are able to both activate and suppress cellular processes on command.
The developed nanoparticles with citric acid and pectin have significantly different surface potentials, but at the same time an identically strong magnetoelectric response, which is comparable to potentially more toxic foreign analogues. This opens up new horizons for controlling cell activity.
Nanoparticles are unique devices that can operate in two modes. When exposed to a magnetic field, they stimulate the growth of healthy cells, and in another mode, they suppress the activity of malignant cells. This happens without surgical intervention, which makes them especially attractive for the treatment of various diseases.
The particles themselves are ten times smaller than their predecessors and have improved magnetoelectric properties, which makes them more effective in solving complex problems.
One of the important advantages of the development is that the surface treatment of nanoparticles with biocompatible compounds did not change their basic properties. This ensures high accuracy of delivery and wireless electrostimulation of cells and tissues.
We managed to demonstrate control over cell activity using magnetoelectric nanoparticles. We can stimulate the growth of healthy cells and suppress the activity of malignant cells. In the future, this approach could radically change approaches to cancer therapy and regenerative medicine.
Scientists from several leading scientific centers of Russia took part in the study, including the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, the G.K. Boreskov Institute of Catalysis and the Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Neurorehabilitation.
The results of the study are published in the authoritative journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, which confirms the high scientific level of the development. The project received support from the Russian Science Foundation.
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