Подводные лодки России - что строит и спускает на воду ОСК для флота

Russia's largest shipbuilding holding, JSC USC, has announced what its enterprises built for the Russian fleet in 2023. And shared plans for 2024.

In December 2023, a solemn ceremony of raising naval flags on two nuclear submarines - "Emperor Alexander III" and "Krasnoyarsk" - took place at the Sevmash plant in Severodvinsk. Their acceptance into the Russian Navy was timed to coincide with St. Andrew's Day, the solemn ceremony was personally attended by the head of state Vladimir Putin.

The nuclear submarine "Emperor Alexander III" was developed at the Rubin Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering, it belongs to the fourth generation of nuclear submarines and is part of the modernized Project 955A Borei-A. The submarine is equipped with modern missile and torpedo weapons, radio-technical, hydroacoustic weapons and navigation systems. Russia now has three such submarines: before that, "Generalissimo Suvorov" and "Knyaz Oleg" arrived in the Navy.

Like other SSBNs of this generation and this project, the "Emperor Alexander III" carries sixteen Bulava sea-based intercontinental ballistic missiles. Each such three-stage nuclear missile weighs 36.8 tons. It can accurately reach a target within 8 thousand kilometers. At a greater range, it can give a probable deviation from the target of 120-350 meters.

USC is currently building three more submarines of the Borei-A project: "Knyaz Pozharsky", "Dmitry Donskoy" and "Knyaz Potemkin".

"Krasnoyarsk" is a fourth-generation nuclear submarine designed by SPMBM Malachite under Project 885 M Yasen-M.

Yasen-M submarines with cruise missiles are considered the most expensive, powerful and silent in the world. They have incorporated a number of unique, state-of-the-art Russian developments in the field of military weapons, naval weapons, technical and radio-electronic systems, and energy.

The hull of the boat is made of low-magnetic steel with a rubber coating, which makes the submarine invisible and inaudible in the ocean. It can dive to a depth of more than half a kilometer, and attack enemy targets with missiles and torpedoes, including targets on land. The main strike weapon of the Yasen/Yasen-M project is the Kalibr-PL and/or Onyx cruise missiles. Such submarines can also use underwater drones.

So far, three nuclear submarines of this project serve in the Navy, including Krasnoyarsk. The fourth submarine, called Arkhangelsk, was removed from the boathouse at the end of November 2023 and will be accepted into the Navy in 2024 after state tests. At the same time, four submarines of the Yasen-M project continue to be built in the USC boathouses: Perm, Ulyanovsk, Voronezh and Vladivostok.

USC is also developing a non-nuclear submarine fleet. At the end of November 2023, shipbuilders transferred Mozhaisk to the Navy. The diesel-electric submarine of Project 636 of the Rubin Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering is equipped with modern torpedo weapons and Kalibr missiles, which have proven their effectiveness in real combat operations. There is another such submarine of Project 636 in the boathouses - Yakutsk.

Two submarines of Project 677 Lada from the Rubin Central Design Bureau for Marine Technology are undergoing testing. Kronstadt and Velikiye Luki will be transferred to the Navy in 2024.

Submarines of this project are engaged in the destruction of enemy submarines, surface ships and vessels, the protection of naval bases, the sea coast and sea communications, and reconnaissance. They are armed with the Kalibr-PL missile system. There are also six 533 mm torpedo tubes, 18 USET-80K torpedoes and mines on board.

Two diesel-electric submarines of this project are under construction - Vologda and Yaroslavl.