A video of the flight of the crew of the Russian MiG-31B interceptor at an altitude of 22 kilometers has appeared online. This is the upper boundary of the Earth's stratosphere.
At an altitude of 22 km, it is impossible for pilots to breathe without special equipment. At this altitude, there is a low oxygen content and atmospheric pressure, so the military uses oxygen masks to breathe.
They are also dressed in anti-G suits, which help the pilot cope with high G-forces during intense maneuvering of the aircraft. The suits compress the pilot's body, preventing blood from flowing away from vital organs and loss of consciousness.
It is known from open sources that the practical altitude of the MiG-31B is 20.6 km in normal mode. The MiG-31K modification can climb to 20-25 km for combat missions, in particular, for launching missiles.
Powerful D-30F6 turbofan engines provide interceptors with high speed and rate of climb, allowing them to reach these altitudes.
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