Scientists from Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) have developed a conceptual design for a lunar nuclear power plant (NPP) based on additive technologies (layer-by-layer creation of complex objects) and local resources. The implementation of the project will cost approximately 1.95 trillion rubles. This was reported by the press service of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU).
Associate Professor of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) Vyacheslav Belov explained that all work will be carried out by robotic systems based on solar batteries and radioactive power sources. The construction of the station will take about 54 days, and its service life will be about 10 years. To preserve the lunar ecosystem, nuclear facilities will be disposed of after work, and the protective structure will be reused.
In recent years, scientists from all over the planet have been developing technologies that, through sunlight and local lunar resources, would be able to provide oxygen, water, and food to future bases of the Earth's natural satellite. Solar panels and compact nuclear reactors are the most suitable sources of electricity.
In 2018, NASA specialists tested their Kilopower nuclear power plant prototype at a test site in Nevada. Russian specialists from Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) were also able to develop the first domestic project for the construction of a lunar nuclear reactor, in the construction of which additive technologies may be applied for the first time.
When we were preparing the conceptual design, we took into account how nuclear power plants would be located, how to ensure their safe operation throughout the life of the station, as well as the possible reuse of already erected building structures. We also took into account the natural and climatic conditions of the Moon and architectural and construction aspects, what materials and structures can be used to make the protective structure of the station.
In the center of the nuclear power plant there will be several reactor units operating on the principle of "Romashka" - the first Soviet nuclear power plant, created in 1964. Each of them is capable of producing 10 kW of energy using the energy of nuclear material fission. The units operate with fast neutrons and will generate energy using thermoelectric (converting heat into electricity and vice versa) technologies.
To protect the station and reactor from stones, micrometeorites, temperature fluctuations and radiation, scientists have developed a round shaft made of lunar soil and a screen made of Kevlar, a high-strength and tear-resistant synthetic fiber. Regolith is also proposed to be used as the main material, which will protect Kevlar and reduce delivery costs.
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