TsAGI engineers have developed a scheme for accurate modeling of emergency aircraft water landings. This involves a hydrodynamic model of an aircraft with a fuselage, wing, and landing gear, designed for testing.
The key problem addressed by the development is the scale effect in modeling the behavior of landing gear wheels upon contact with water, which previously distorted the dynamics of water landing compared to a real aircraft.
The novelty of the patent lies in the special geometry of the main landing gear wheels: the rolling surface of each wheel is made with a step of 0.1–0.15 of the diameter, but not less than 10 mm.
This solution allows for the forced formation of a separated flow regime, bringing the model's behavior closer to that of a full-scale aircraft at high water landing speeds of 40–80 m/s. This is critical for correctly reproducing lift forces and load stresses on the landing gear at the moment of water contact.
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