In Russia, a high-strength ceramic material has been created that is characterized by maximum resistance to oxidation. In the future, it may become the basis for protective coatings and parts in the nuclear industry and other industrial sectors, the press service of NUST MISIS reported.
Improved materials can withstand extreme temperatures, making them promising for wear-resistant elements, including turbines and exhaust systems, where thermal stability is crucial.
The material created by Russian researchers belongs to the group of high-entropy carbonitrides — complex ceramic materials that include a large number of carbon and nitrogen atoms, as well as many other chemical elements. The material has good mechanical properties, does not deteriorate under chemical attack, heat, oxidation, and radiation.
The researchers found out how additives in the form of zirconium and titanium, as well as their combinations, affect the characteristics of ceramics made on the basis of hafnium, tantalum, and niobium carbonitrides.
The additives compacted the oxide layer formed during oxidation, which enhances its barrier function and reduces the number of defects. A denser structure protects samples from oxygen penetration and, therefore, prevents further oxidation.
By adding titanium and zirconium, it was possible to increase the temperature at which ceramic oxidation begins from 1005 degrees to 1240 degrees Celsius. It was also possible to reduce by 83% the specific mass increase associated with the absorption of oxygen by the surface of the material. According to scientists, this will increase the service life of parts made of such ceramics when used in nuclear reactors and other industrial plants.
Earlier, the Russian government approved plans for the construction of the South NPP. It may appear in the Rostov region or in the Krasnodar Territory. Initially, the station will produce 1.2 GW, and by 2039 the capacity will be increased to 2.4 GW.
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