Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics, characterized by their light weight, high strength, and ability to create complex shapes, have become widely used in the Russian aviation industry. However, various defects can occur during the creation of parts from such material, including layer crushing, edge delamination, and cracking. Scientists from Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU) have studied how the size, shape, and location of defects affect the mechanical properties of a part and developed a method for predicting the consequences of such defects. The research will allow for the creation of more load-resistant parts for airplanes, rockets, UAVs, and prevent their destruction, according to the university's press service.
The scientists proposed recording the process of carbon fiber delamination using a new method — with the use of an acoustic emission system.
During testing, we determined the maximum stresses and modulus of elasticity. Meanwhile, signals were continuously recorded in the acoustic emission system.
The samples used in the tests were destroyed by delamination and lost stability. It turned out that this depends more on the type of defect. For example, a defect in the shape of a circle leads to loss of stability earlier than a defect in the shape of a rectangle.
After analyzing the test results, the scientists obtained a graph of the material's deflection depending on the load. The study proved that the loss of stability of the composite material occurs even before reaching the compressive strength limit. The destruction of even one layer of fiber affects the part.
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