Scientists from Saratov State University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky presented an artificial neuron capable of reproducing spikes — electrical impulses with which biological neurons transmit information. The development, supported by the Russian Science Foundation, opens up new opportunities in medicine, as well as robotics.
The key feature of the invention is a circuit based on an asymmetric diode block, which allows you to adjust the frequency and shape of pulses. As explained in the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the device consists of only 7 elements — half as many as existing analogues. This technology occupies an intermediate position between too primitive and excessively complex electronic neurons. It is accurate enough to simulate biological processes, but at the same time economical to manufacture.
Potential applications of the technology include:
- Neuroprosthetics — creating implants to replace damaged nerve cells.
- Robotics — developing sensory systems with a more natural response to external stimuli.
- Brain research — modeling neurodegenerative diseases and searching for methods of their treatment. The team is currently working on creating a neural network from such elements, which may accelerate the development of neurocomputers and medical technologies.
There is already a global trend towards creating bio-inspired electronic systems. Unlike foreign analogues, such as IBM TrueNorth or Intel Loihi, the Russian artificial neuron focuses on simplifying and reducing the cost of technology without losing functionality.
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