According to the Meteorological Observatory of Moscow State University, 2024 was the warmest in the 245-year history of observations in Moscow: the average annual air temperature reached a record 8.2ºС, exceeding the previous maximum of 8.0ºС, set in 2020.
January and May were colder than normal, while the remaining ten months were significantly warmer. September was particularly hot, with an average temperature of 17.9ºС, which is 5.7ºС above the climatic norm and a new record. The previous maximum for September was recorded in 1847. This month was also record-breakingly sunny (263 hours of sunshine) and almost record-breakingly dry (9.6 mm of precipitation).
During the year, eight daily maximum temperature records were broken in Moscow. Abnormal heat was observed three times: from June 29 to July 4, from September 10 to 15, and from September 25 to 29. Abnormally cold weather was recorded only once, from January 2 to 8, when the temperature did not exceed -15ºС.
The maximum temperature of the year was 33.1ºС on July 4, the minimum was -24.9ºС on January 4. The annual precipitation reached 731 mm. Abnormally dry months were March (7 mm) and September (10 mm), and the wettest was June (167 mm). A particularly heavy downpour was recorded on June 6: 32 mm of precipitation fell in 40 minutes.
The snow cover in the cold season of 2023–2024 reached a maximum of 70 cm on February 19, repeating the record of 1985, but the absolute record (77 cm) remained unbroken. The snow melted late: the last snow cover was observed on May 9, later in this century snow remained only in 2017.
Read materials on the topic:
Yandex Weather Learns to Predict Water Temperature for 10 Days
Years of Magnetic Storms: Scientists Give a Frightening Forecast of Space Weather
Russian Frigate Ready to Launch New Space Weather Monitoring Complex "Ionosond" into Orbit