One of the most important technologies used by scientists at the Research Institute of Oncology of the Tomsk NRMC was spatial transcriptomics. This method provides the ability to analyze a tumor at the level of individual cells, while preserving their original spatial arrangement.
In the course of a study conducted using this technology, scientists were able to study in detail the molecular differences between the tumor and the tumor microenvironment in young patients with tongue cancer, comparing them with the condition of older patients.
Spatial transcriptomics revealed a key difference in the immune response: in young patients, it is more suppressed in the center of the tumor, while in the periphery, the immune system actively works against cancer cells. This discovery indicates that the immune system in young people retains higher activity, which may make them better candidates for immunotherapy. The use of this technology made it possible to better understand the mechanisms of tumor progression and to propose new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of tongue cancer, taking into account the patient's age.
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