Scientists from Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) have developed composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration, using the piezoelectric biodegradable polymer polyhydroxybutyrate in combination with magnetoactive fillers. These scaffolds have a unique microfibrous structure and electroactive properties, which accelerate the process of bone tissue regeneration. The study showed that composite scaffolds were successfully used to treat femoral bone defects in rats, which emphasizes their potential effectiveness. The results of the work are published in the journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
Given that millions of people worldwide suffer from musculoskeletal injuries, the need to develop functional biomaterials is becoming increasingly important. Polyhydroxybutyrate is considered one of the most promising materials in regenerative medicine due to its high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. A team of TPU scientists, including specialists from Moscow State University and other research centers, combined magnetoactive technologies with piezoelectric properties to create new scaffolds.
Experiments have shown that the microfibers of the scaffolds have high porosity and roughness, which promotes better cell adhesion and accelerates biodegradation. The introduction of magnetoactive fillers improves the mechanical properties of the scaffolds and promotes the formation of a nanocrystalline structure, which in turn increases the strength and elasticity of the material. The study also focused on the enzymatic biodegradation of composite scaffolds, demonstrating the effect of magnetoactive fillers on their stability.
The experimental results demonstrated successful bone tissue regeneration in rats after variable magnetic stimulation, due to a synergistic effect associated with increased surface roughness and the presence of hydrophilic groups. The developed scaffolds open up new horizons in the creation of implants for the restoration and regeneration of damaged bones, which can significantly improve the quality of life of people with musculoskeletal diseases, offering more effective and safe treatments.
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