Russian businesses are increasing their participation in science funding. In 2025, companies accounted for 33.4% of all domestic expenditures on research and development, or about 700 billion rubles. A year earlier, the figure was 32.2%, and in 2023 – 30.6%, according to data from ISIEZ HSE. In total, 2.15 trillion rubles were spent on research and development in Russia in 2025, which corresponds to approximately 1% of GDP.
The state retained the main share of funding – 63.4%, or about 1.4 trillion rubles. In 2024, its share was 65%, and in 2023 – 66.6%.
Companies increase spending, but the state still spends much more
If we look only at large and medium-sized organizations, which account for 94.6% of all science expenditures, the structure differs slightly. In 2025, government funding accounted for 65.6%, business provided 31.9%, and other sources – 2.5%.
Government funds in this segment grew by 107.4 billion rubles in current prices over the year and reached 1.33 trillion rubles. The federal budget provided 1.07 trillion rubles. Funding for research from the business sector increased to 647.1 billion rubles, adding 39.3 billion rubles in current prices.
At the same time, the total domestic expenditures of large and medium-sized organizations on research and development exceeded 2 trillion rubles. In constant prices, their growth over the year was 2.7%.
In the largest scientific powers, business provides more than half of the money
Russia ranks eighth in the world in terms of domestic expenditures on research and development. But the structure of expenditures differs significantly from countries at the top of the ranking.
In China, the USA, Japan, and South Korea, the business sector accounts for more than 60% of science expenditures. In Russia, this figure is currently 33.4%. In absolute terms, Russian companies spent about 24.2 billion dollars on research and development at purchasing power parity, which corresponds to tenth place among the countries considered.
For comparison, business in China accounts for 817.3 billion dollars of such expenditures, in the USA – 693.3 billion, in Japan – 181.2 billion, in South Korea – 127.1 billion, but the data may vary depending on the sources.
The growth of private funding is also included in the government's plans for science development. The government aims to increase domestic expenditures on research and development to at least 2% of GDP by 2030, including by doubling private business investment in this area.