Russian physicists, together with colleagues from Germany, have for the first time compiled a unified map of the silane spectrum. Silane is a molecule whose data is needed in two important areas: for studying distant parts of the Universe and for quality control in semiconductor manufacturing. The work was carried out by specialists from Tomsk Polytechnic University and Braunschweig University of Technology.
According to the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, scientists were able to add so-called “hot” transitions to the general map of the silane spectrum. These are very weak molecular signals that were previously difficult to accurately see, measure, and understand what processes within silane they are associated with.
Silane is difficult to study because its molecule is almost symmetrical, has a “spherical” shape, and some of its signals are very weak. It is especially difficult to detect “hot” transitions, which appear at high temperatures. Because of this, it was previously difficult for scientists to accurately understand which spectral lines are associated with which processes within the molecule.
Scientists applied a more accurate calculation method that shows how silane particles move, collide, and change speed. Then the new data was compared with already known information about silane. This resulted in a more accurate map of the molecule's spectrum.
The results of the study are important not only for fundamental science. Each molecule has its own spectrum — like a “tag” by which it can be recognized. If this tag is described inaccurately, it is more difficult for scientists to understand whether silane is present in the atmospheres of giant planets or in distant parts of the Universe. A more accurate map of the silane spectrum helps to better recognize this molecule and build more reliable models of the cosmic environment.
Silane is also used in processes related to the production of semiconductors and nanomaterials. If scientists know its spectrum more accurately, then this data can be used to better control production: to see how the substance behaves at different stages, and to quickly notice possible deviations.