MEPhI engineers have developed an engine for nanosatellites that uses polymer fuel – essentially plastic – as its working fluid. But the key engineering innovation is the magnetic nozzle, said Igor Egorov, head of the plasma rocket engine laboratory.
The engine's operation is based on an electrical discharge. Under the influence of energy, the polymer fuel transitions into a plasma state and is ejected from the nozzle, creating reactive thrust.
This allows the satellite to move in orbit. The addition of a magnetic nozzle is our innovation.
Initially, designers considered fluoroplastic, but it disintegrated under weak discharges. Ultimately, polyacetal was chosen, which showed more stable behavior in tests.
The engine is designed for nanosatellites weighing up to 10 kg – one of the most dynamically developing segments of the space industry. Its simple design reduces costs and accelerates mass production. There are no analogues of such a solution in the world.
Currently, MEPhI is refining the system's electronics to ensure stable engine operation in autonomous mode.